紅字的英文讀后感
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between Hawthorne's earlier and his later productions there is no solution of literary continuity, but only increased growth and grasp. Rappaccini's Daughter, Young Goodman Brown, Peter Goldthwaite's Treasure, and The Artist of the Beautiful, on the one side, are the promise which is fulfilled in The Scarlet Letter and the House of The Seven Gables, on the other; though we should hardly have understood the promise had not the fulfillment explained it. The shorter pieces have a lyrical quality, but the longer romances express more than a mere combination of lyrics; they have a rich, multifarious life of their own. The material is so wrought as to become incidental to something loftier and greater, for which our previous analysis of the contents of the egg had not prepared us. The Scarlet Letter was the first, and the tendency of criticism is to pronounce it the most impressive, also, of these ampler productions. It has the charm of unconsciousness; the author did not realize while he worked, that this most prolix among tales was alive with the miraculous vitality of genius. It combines the strength and substance of an oak with the subtle organization of a rose, and is great, not of malice aforethought, but inevitably. It goes to the root of the matter, and reaches some unconventional conclusions, which, however, would scarce be apprehended by one reader in twenty. For the external or literal significance of the story, though in strict correspondence with the spirit, conceals that spirit from the literal eye. The reader may choose his depth according to his inches but only a tall man will touch the bottom.The punishment of the scarlet letter is a historical fact; and, apart from the symbol thus ready provided to the author's hand, such a book as The Scarlet Letter would doubtless never have existed. But the symbol gave the touch whereby Hawthorne's disconnected thoughts on the subject were united and crystallized in organic form. Evidently, likewise, it was a source of inspiration, suggesting new aspects and features of the truth,—a sort of witch-hazel to detect spiritual gold. Some such figurative emblem, introduced in a matter-of-fact way, but gradually invested with supernatural attributes, was one of Hawthorne's favorite devices in his stories. We may realize its value, in the present case, by imagining the book with the scarlet letter omitted. It is not practically essential to the plot. But the scarlet letter uplifts the theme from the material to the spiritual level. It is the concentration and type of the whole argument. It transmutes the prose into poetry. It serves as a formula for the conveyance of ideas otherwise too subtle for words, as well as to enhance the gloomy picturesqueness of the moral scenery. It burns upon its wearer's breast, it casts a lurid glow along her pathway, it isolates her among mankind, and is at the same time the mystic talisman to reveal to her the guilt hidden in other hearts. It is the Black Man's mark, and the first plaything of the infant Pearl. As the story develops, the scarlet letter becomes the dominant figure,—everything is tinged with its sinister glare. By a ghastly miracle its semblance is reproduced upon the breast of the minister, where God's eye beheld it! the angels were forever pointing at it! the devil knew it well, and fretted it continually with the touch of his burning finger!—and at last, to Dimmesdale's crazed imagination, its spectre appears even in the midnight sky as if heaven itself had caught the contagion of his so zealously hidden sin. So strongly is the scarlet letter rooted in every chapter and almost every sentence of the book that bears its name. And yet it would probably have incommoded the average novelist. The wand of Prospero, so far from aiding the uninititated, trips him up, and scorches his fingers. Between genius and every other attribute of the mind is a difference not of degree, but of kind. Every story may be viewed under two aspects: as the logical evolution of a conclusion from a premise, and as something colored and modified by the personal qualities of the author. If the latter have genius, his share in the product is comparable to nature's in a work of human art,—giving it everything except abstract form. But the majority of fiction-mongers are apt to impair rather than enhance the beauty of the abstract form of their conception, -- if, indeed, it possess any to begin with. At all events, there is no better method of determining the value of a writer's part in a given work than to consider the work in what may be termed its prenatal state. How much, for example, of The Scarlet Letter was ready made before Hawthorne touched it? The date is historically fixed at about the middle of the seventeenth century. The stage properties, so to speak, are well adapted to become the furniture and background of a romantic narrative. A gloomy and energetic religious sect, pioneers in a virgin land, with the wolf and the Indian at their doors, but with memories of England in their hearts and English traditions and prejudices in their minds; weak in numbers, but strong in spirit; with no cultivation save that of the Bible and the sword; victims, moreover of a dark and bloody superstition,—such a people and scene give admirable relief and color to a tale of human frailty and sorrow. Amidst such surroundings, then, the figure of a woman stands, with the scarlet letter on her bosom. But here we come to a pause, and must look to the author for the next step.For where shall the story begin? A twenty-number novel, of the Dickens or Thackeray type, would start with Hester's girlhood, and the bulk of the narrative would treat of the genesis and accomplishment of the crime. Nor are hints wanting that this phase of the theme had been canvassed in Hawthorne's mind. We have glimpses of the heroine in the antique gentility of her English home; we see the bald brow and reverend beard of her father, and her mother's expression of heedful and anxious love; we behold the girl's own face, glowing with youthful beauty. She meets the pale, elderly scholar, with his dim yet penetrating eyes, and the marriage, loveless on her part and folly on his, takes place; but they saw not the bale-fire of the scarlet letter blazing at the end of their path. The ill-assorted pair make their first home in Amsterdam; but at length, tidings of the Puritan colony in Massachusetts reaching them, they prepare to emigrate thither. But Prynne, himself delaying to adjust certain affairs, sends his young, beautiful, wealthy wife in advance to assume her station in the pioneer settlement. In the wild, free air of that new world her spirits kindled, and many unsuspected tendencies of her impulsive and passionate nature were revealed to her. The rich, voluptuous, Oriental characteristics of her temperament, her ardent love of beauty, her strong intellectual fibre, and her native energy and capacity,—such elements needed a strong and wise hand to curb and guide them, scarcely disguised as they were by the light and graceful foliage of her innocent, womanly charm. Being left, however, for two years to her own misguidance, her husband had little cause to wonder, when, on emerging from the forest, the first object to meet his eyes was Hester Prynne, standing up, a statue of ignominy, before the people. She doubtless was strongly tempted to her fall; and though the author leaves the matter there, so far as any explicit statement is concerned, it is manifest that, had he written out what was already pictured before his imagination, the few pregnant hints scattered through the volume would have been developed into as circumstantial and laborious a narrative as any the most deliberate English or French novelist could desire.For his forbearance he has received much praise from well-meaning critics, who seem to think that he was restrained by considerations of morality or propriety. This appears a little strained. As an artist and as a man of a certain temperament, Hawthorne treated that side of the subject which seemed to him the more powerful and interesting. But a writer who works with deep insight and truthful purpose can never be guilty of a lack of decency. Indecency is a creation, not of God or of nature, but of the indecent. And whoever takes it for granted that indecency is necessarily involved in telling the story of an illicit passion has studied human nature and good literature to poor purpose.
求美國文學(xué)一篇文章的讀后感。
英文200字。
馬克吐溫的，紅字，艾默生的等，都可以。
全英文的哦
The Scarlet LetterThe scarlet letter stands as the best work of Hawthorn and one of the indubitable masterpieces of American literature ，in which Hawthorne remarkably handls the Puritan background，and carefully suppresses everything expect the deep shadows from which the grim tragedy naturally proceeds . the theme of novel is depicting sin and its consequences around which the moods created are those feelings are remorse,sorrow ,and despaire .moreover ,all these feelings are woven so completely and harmoniously into the story that its characters,action,and setting blend into a delicate but enduring work of art . The story that the novel tells is very simple.it main tells a story about an adultery .Her mother was found guilty of adultery and giving birth to Pearl ,and condemned to wear on the breast of her grown the scarlet letter A.which stood for adultary.It was imprinted on the flesh above his heart.because she can not find her husband .they gain a lot of taunt and unfair treatment.at last,she found her father and died .but she still wore the letter A on his breast,which was no longer the sign pf shame,but am emblem of her tender mercy and kindness .At her death she hoped that the only inscription on her tombstone should be the scarlet letter A.希望對你有所幫助 沒有在網(wǎng)上查找資料
《紅字》的英文評論
The novel opens with the famous line, It is a truth universally acknowledged, that a single man in possession of a good fortune, must be in want of a wife.. and ends with two marriages: Jane and Bingley's, as well as Darcy and Elizabeth's. Both couples are assumed to live happily ever after.Elizabeth (Lizzy) Bennet is the core of the family. Elizabeth is the second of Mr. and Mrs. Bennet's five daughters, and is an intelligent, bold, attractive twenty-year-old when the story begins. In addition to being her father's favourite, Elizabeth is characterized as a sensible, yet stubborn, woman. Misled by his cold outward behaviour, Elizabeth originally holds Mr. Darcy in contempt. However, she finds that Mr. Darcy improves on acquaintance, more so than she would expect.Fitzwilliam Darcy (commonly known as Mr. Darcy) is the central male character and Elizabeth's second love interest in the novel. He is an intelligent, wealthy, extremely handsome and reserved 28-year-old man, who often appears haughty or proud to strangers but possesses an honest and kind nature underneath. Initially, he considers Elizabeth his social inferior, unworthy of his attention, but he finds that, despite his inclinations, he cannot deny his feelings for Elizabeth. His initial proposal of marriage is rejected because of his pride and Elizabeth's prejudice against him; however, at the end of the novel, after their relationship has blossomed, he is happily engaged to a loving Elizabeth.Role of women in the 18th centuryIn late-18th-century England, women were relegated to secondary roles in society with respect to property and social responsibilities. For example, women were not permitted to visit new arrivals to the neighbourhood (such as Mr. Bingley in Pride and Prejudice) until the male head of their household had first done so. Women were under enormous pressure to marry for the purpose of securing their financial futures and making valuable social connections for their families. Therefore, marriage, though romanticised, was in many ways a financial transaction and social alliance rather than a matter of love. Although Jane Austen did not condone loveless marriages (she stayed single all her life), she did approve of matches having equality in various respects, including wealth, social status, love and character. In Pride and Prejudice, wealth, social status, chastity (and the perception of chastity) and physical attractiveness are depicted as factors affecting a woman's chances for a good marriage.Published in 1925, The Great Gatsby became an immediate classic and propelled its young author to a fame he never again equalled. The novel captured the spirit of the Jazz Age, a post-World War I era in upper-class America that Fitzgerald himself gave this name to, and the flamboyance of the author and his wife Zelda as they moved about Europe with other American expatriate writers (such as Ernest Hemingway). However, Gatsby expresses more than the exuberance of the times. It depicts the restlessness of what Gertrude Stein (another expatriate modernist writer) called a lost generation. Recalling T. S. Eliot's landmark poem The Wasteland (1922), then, Gatsby also has its own valley of ashes or wasteland where men move about obscurely in the dust, and this imagery of decay, death, and corruption pervades the novel and infects the story and its hero too. Because the novel is not just about one man, James Gatz or Jay Gatsby, but about aspects of the human condition of an era, and themes that transcend time altogether, it is the stuff of myth. Gatsby's attempts to attain an ideal of himself and then to put this ideal to the service of another ideal, romantic love, are attempts to rise above corruption in all its forms. It is this quality in him that Nick Carraway, the novel's narrator, attempts to portray, and in so doing the novel, like its hero, attains a form of enduring greatness.The novel is narrated in retrospect; Nick is writing the account two years after the events of the summer he describes, and this introduces a critical distance and perspective which is conveyed through occasional comments about the story he is telling and how it must appear to a reader. The time scheme of the novel is further complicated as the history of that summer of 1922 contains within it the story of another summer, five years before this one, when Gatsby and Daisy first courted. This is the story that Jordan tells Nick. As that earlier summer ended with Gatsby's departure for the war in the fall, so the summer of Nick's experience of the East ends with the crisis on the last hot day (the day of mint juleps in the hotel and Myrtle Wilson's death) and is followed by Gatsby's murder by George Wilson on the first day of fall. This seasonal calendar is more than just a parallel, however. It is a metaphor for the blooming and blasting of love and of hope, like the flowers so often mentioned. Similarly, the novel's elaborate use of light and dark imagery (light, darkness, sunshine, and shadow, and the in-between changes of twilight) symbolizes emotional states as well.紅字The Scarlet Letter attained an immediate and lasting success because it addressed spiritual and moral issues from a uniquely American standpoint. In 1850, adultery was an extremely risqué subject, but because Hawthorne had the support of the New England literary establishment, it passed easily into the realm of appropriate reading. It has been said that this work represents the height of Hawthorne's literary genius; dense with terse descriptions. It remains relevant for its philosophical and psychological depth, and continues to be read as a classic tale on a universal theme.[6] Another consideration to note having to do with the book's popularity is that it was one of the first mass-produced books in America. Into the mid-nineteenth century, bookbinders of home-grown literature typically hand-made their books and sold them in small quantities. The first mechanized printing of The Scarlet Letter, 2,500 volumes, sold out immediately, was widely read and discussed to an extent not much experienced in the young country up until that time. Copies of the first edition are often sought by collectors as rare books, and may fetch up to around $6,000 USD.遠(yuǎn)離塵囂Much of the plot of Far from the Madding Crowd depends on unrequited love — love by one person for another that is not mutual in that the other person does not feel love in return. The novel is driven, from the first few chapters, by Gabriel Oak's love for Bathsheba. Once he has lost his farm, he is free to wander anywhere in search of work, but he heads to Weatherbury because it is in the direction that Bathsheba has gone. This move leads to Oak's employment at Bathsheba's farm, where he patiently consoles her in her troubles and supports her in tending the farm, with no sign he will ever have his love returned.This novel focuses on the way that catastrophe can occur at any time, threatening to change lives. The most obvious example occurs when Oak's flock of sheep is destroyed by an unlikely confluence of circumstances, including an inexperienced sheep dog, a rotted rail, and a chalk pit that happens to have been dug adjacent to his land. In one night, Oak's future as an independent farmer is destroyed, and he ends up begging just to secure the diminished position of a shepherd.This novel offers modern readers a clear picture of how important social position was in England in the nineteenth century and of the opportunities that existed to change class, in either direction. In the beginning, Oak and Bathsheba are social equals: he is an independent farmer who rents his land, and she lives on her aunt's farm next door to his, which is presumably similar in value. The only thing that keeps her from accepting his proposal of marriage is the fact that she just does not want to be married yet. After Oak loses his farm and Bathsheba inherits her uncle's farm, there is little question of whether they can marry — their social positions are too different. She is more socially compatible with Boldwood, who owns the farm next to hers and is in a similar social position.
求英語讀后感、觀后感個三篇（150字以上）
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求一篇美國文學(xué)作品的 讀后感或者賞析 全英文的2000字左右 謝謝
Read The Merchant of Venice Thoughts Shakespeare as Britain's most distinguished artists of the Renaissance, was Marx called the greatest drama genius. Shakespeare's works is almost a tragedy in the world, Romeo and Juliet Millennium sung a thousand tears flow; Hamlet, a melancholy prince happy then why not shocked a large number of people ...... and The Merchant of Venice is Shakespeare Comedy's peak, but it is a comedy in tragedy, it is money to explore this ancient and timeless topics. The Merchant of Venice Antonio to help a friend Bassanio to Belmont, Portia ladies to marry a Jewish usurer Shylock borrow $ 3,000 due to envy there with the long-cherished wish of Antonio Shylock will take the opportunity of revenge, pretending not charge interest, about to play period not yet, creditors have the right to cut out a pound of flesh cut the chest of the debtor. At this point, Jessica, Shylock found her tutor bundle due to unbearable confinement, carrying treasure and Lovers elope. Old man was frantic, appropriate merchant borrowers did not return, missed the repayment date, he shall resort to the law, to ask for their meat, Bassanio, who went to court to rescue high, Antonio stake. In this case, the judge has Baoxiyaqiao loaded with Bassanio married, appeared in court in Venice, clever transport statutes and wonderful sentence, defeat the plaintiff, the defendant rescued. From: Writing Daquan Antonio is a noble, honest, generous man, a play he is a moody image, or that there is some unfounded I put this in the world but as a world, everyone must play one on this stage role, I played a sad role. He is an abomination greedy fraud, especially good-natured, but also a heavy feelings of people, such as Bassanio he said, as long as you plan to conduct acting has always been the same with you openly, then I can make you money bag random access, I can for you to drive; I wish with all my strength, to help you achieve the goal, he is also a usurer, but he was never charged interest on the poor, even in the face of the court. After Shylock means wolf remains of sinister faces and pleading, but also that he was a broad-minded people who do not hold a grudge, but he is also a discrimination against a person of others, in their place will be proud to use colored look on others . But like him a good in our real life is really able to safely live forever? Real life is cruel, do not be so treat yourself to a few friends, if we really have something to help all who would not hesitate to own it? And money is a sensitive topic, as the TV series Liweidangguan in Li Wei said, money is like salt, eat, can eat a lot of salt is not OK, who knows the truth, and yet who Money can escape this off? How many people are planted in the money? Money, profit is everything first, no one would look at the money do not take, and be able to do for money has been pretty good in moderation, but also about what it put money Emotion? But we can not forget the money and put everything behind, not to be fooled by surface phenomena, such as the surface of the text box gold, silver box, lead box of the same: Gold box carved out: Who chose me, going to get The wish of all things inside the paper roll is:.. All that glitters is gold, the ancients did not speak a lie; how many people sell their life, but to see my profile, maggots occupy gilded grave if you and bold and smart, strong and healthy hands and feet, but aging experience, they will not get this reply: Goodbye, advise you to cool down this piece of heart out of a silver box engraved:. Who chose me, going to get what he deserves. inside the roll is: This silver burnt in the fire seven times; it is never wrong judgment, it must go through seven trials. Some people for life to chase phantoms, had sought to meet at the Mirage in. I know some of the world's best Dainiao air with a silver-plated appearance; as you marry a wife what room, could not get rid of this fool's bladder; go, sir, to avoid further delays in time! Outside lead box engraved: Who chose me to be all his sacrifice everything as., Which the roll is: You choose not with appearance, it really gives you straight in the heart swan! Now that victory into your arms, Do not you go down to search elsewhere. It would help if you are satisfied with the results, please accept your lucky, quickly turning your body and give your love a deep kiss. Portia is a new era of women's image, is lively, cheerful, generous, humorous person, even when she was elected to his beloved people, willing to make the hands and feet, and when he was faced with aggressive when Shylock is calm, step by step to make their opponents fall into the trap. In many people are frustrated when a mystery, but let the young girl to solve the Gordian knot in her body shining dawn of the era of female arousal In many people's eyes Lixialuoke is a greedy, stingy, the vampire's image, but also a miser, Let a wonky I guarded the portal, a little worried, Shylock can not be said to be a comedy of tragic figure, defected hungry servant ran his hate people, and his daughter is holding its own property and lover ran away, and finally even lost part of his remaining property, he can really to accompany the wife of another soldier. Remember it is a hatred of evil as people, in retaliation for the abuse of hatred Antonio can not charge interest to let him drill into the trap step by step, in order is to get his piece of meat, but how can he get the meat? He says, Ye brought fishing. In fact, Antonio is a stumbling block to block his way of getting money, in order to have their own way of getting money to put this to get rid of. But he was not born so he was being bullied by a Jew, Hath not a Jew eyes, no limbs, facial features, no feeling, no emotion, no bloody? He's not eating the same food, can be affected by the same weapon injury, also need medical treatment, will feel cold in winter, hot summer will feel, with Christian is? and usually means Antonio could not understand him because of the kind of interest receivable, practices, he often encounter, including Antonio, including Christians insult to him, which greatly hurt his self-esteem and national feelings, with this one, he will naturally lose this opportunity to retaliate machine, while this one is because of his acts of revenge will become reasonable revenge. Money is important, but in this world there are many far more important things than money, do not be fooled by the superficial phenomenon; in which our real life you can not because of his superior discrimination against any person, but also to learn not colored eyes to look at someone else; but also, like Portia, like intelligence, not to be intimidated by the sudden difficulties.
