求助:有關細胞微觀變化的翻譯
1、正常菌體外形呈球形或近似橢圓形,邊緣整齊,表面光滑;細胞壁和細胞膜貼合緊密;胞漿均勻,核糖體呈黑色顆粒散狀分布;核質呈絲狀分布或黑色團塊,擬核區(qū)清晰。
The outline of the normal cell is spherical or oblong shape, with even edges and a smooth surface; the cell wall and its membrane bind tightly together with uniform cytoplasm, the ribosome appears in spreading black granular form while the karyoplasms are distributed in threadlike form or in black lumps, and the nucleoids are clear. 2、菌體略微變形,細胞壁出現皺褶,與細胞膜的間隙變寬;胞內物質模糊,結構難辨;胞漿內出現部分透電子區(qū)。
The cell is slightly deformed, creases appear on the cell wall, and there is a widening gap between the wall and the membrane; intracellular organic materials appear fuzzy and its structure is hard to distinguish; electron transmission areas appear on certain portions in the cytoplasm. 3、菌體略微腫脹,細胞壁邊緣模糊粗糙;胞漿內出現透電子區(qū)的范圍增大,胞質固縮;核區(qū)不再完整。
The cell is slightly swollen, the edges of the cell are fuzzy and rough; the electron transmission areas in the cytoplasm have increased in scope and cytoplast pyknosis exists; the nucleoids are no more complete. 4、菌體結構變得不完整,細胞變形皺縮;細胞壁溶解,菌體電子密度下降.The body structure of the cell becomes incomplete, the cell has shrunk and deformed along with the cell wall dissolved, and the electron density of the cell has decreased.
怎樣理解物理變化和化學變化的微觀實質
從微觀角度來說,發(fā)生化學反應時,分子分裂成原子,原子之間重新組合形成新的分子,或者原子本身成為新的物質
物理變化與化學變化的區(qū)別。
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微觀。
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宏觀
物理變化: 宏觀:沒有新物質生成的變化,即只是物質的形態(tài)變了,物質本身沒變,如水由液態(tài)變?yōu)闅鈶B(tài) 的水蒸氣 微觀:分子本身的種類不變,只是分子間的間隙發(fā)生了變化化學變化: 宏觀:有新物質生成的變化,比如鐵生銹,原來是鐵,而鐵銹則不再是鐵了 微觀:有新分子生成的變化,比如氫氣在氧氣中燃燒,原來是氫分子和氧分子,反應之后生成了新的水分子
水在通電的條件下發(fā)生化學變化生成了氫氣和氧氣,請從微觀角度分析此變化,題目如圖
因為化學反應的過程,是原子重新組合的過程. 原子在化學變化中種類沒有變,數目沒有增減,質量沒有增減.所以化學反應前后各物質的質量總和必然相等. 化學反應前后一定不變的有: 原子的種類 元素的種類 原子的數目 原子的質量